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The 

orth  Carolina 
Council  of 
Defense 


,AN    OF    ORGANIZATION 


COMMERCIAL  PRINTING  COMPANY,  RALEIGH,   N.   C. 


The  North  Carolina 


Executive  Department 

Raleigh 

D.  H.  Hill Chairman 

W.  S.  Wilson Secretary 

B.  R.  Lacy Treasurer 

Executive  Committee 

D.  H.  Hill Raleigh 

Geo.  W.  Watts Durham 

Joseph  Hyde  Pratt Chapel  Hill 

J.  Bryan  Grimes Raleigh 

R.  X.  Page Biscoe 

Members 

T.  W.  Bickett,  Governor,  ex  officio Raleigh 

B.  S.  Royster,  Adjt.-Gen.,  ex  officio Raleigh 

James  Sprent Wilmington 

George  W.  Watts Durham 

Joseph  Hyde  Pratt Chapel  Hill 

J.  Bryan  Grimes Raleigh 

D.  H.  Hill Raleigh 

C.  C.  Taylor Greensboro 

W.  S.  Lee Charlotte 

R.  N.  Page Biscoe 

F.  L.  Seely Asheville 

George  Howe Chapel  Hill 

Mrs.  J.  E.  Reilley Charlotte 

2 


Council  of  Defense 


The  North  Carolina  Council 
of  Defense 

When  the  United  States  entered  the  most 
colossal  of  wars,  Congress  felt  the  necessity  of 
uniting  and  expediting  all  the  measures  for 
preparation  and  for  continuance  in  the  war. 
To  this  end  it  created  a  National  Council  of 
Defense  and  charged  this  body  with  manifold 
duties.  This  Council  is  composed  of  six  mem- 
bers of  the  President's  Cabinet,  namely :  Sec- 
retary Baker  (War),  President,  Secretary  Dan- 
iels (Navy),  Secretary  Houston  (Agriculture), 
Secretary  Lane  (Interior),  Secretary  Red  field 
(Commerce),  and  Secretary  Wilson   (Labor). 

The  Council  was  directed  by  Congress  to 
nominate  to  the  President  an  Advisory  Com- 
mission of  seven  members,  "each  of  whom  shall 
have  special  knowledge  of  some  industry,  public 
utility,  or  the  development  of  some  natural  re- 
source, or  be  otherwise  especially  qualified." 
These  seven  members  of  the  Advisory  Commis- 
sion are  Daniel  Willard.  President  of  the  Bal- 
timore &  Ohio  Railroad ;  Samuel  Gompers, 
President  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor ; 
Howard  E.  Coffin,  Vice-President  Hudson  Motor 
Company ;  Julius  Rosenwald,  President  Sears, 
Roebuck  &  Co. ;  Bernard  M.  Baruch.  Dr.  Frank- 


The  North  Carolina 


lin  Martin,  and  Dr.  Hollis  Godfrey,  President 
Drexel  Institute. 

The  duties  of  this  Council  and  Commission 
are  thus  defined  by  President  Wilson : 

"The  Council  of  National  Defense  has  been 
created  because  Congress  has  realized  that  the 
country  is  best  prepared  for  war  when  thor- 
oughly prepared  for  peace.  From  an  economic 
point  of  view,  there  is  very  little  difference  be- 
tween the  machinery  required  for  economical 
efficiency  and  that  required  for  military  pur- 
poses. The  Council  is  organized  for  the  crea- 
tion of  relations  which  will  render  possible  in 
time  of  need  the  immediate  concentration  and 
utilization  of  the  resources  of  the  Nation." 

The  National  Council  of  Defense  says :  "The 
State  Councils  of  Defense  should  co-operate 
with  each  other  and  with  the  Federal  Govern- 
ment in  organizing  and  directing  the  resources 
of  the  State  in  men  and  materials,  to  make 
them  available  and  effective  for  national  use, 
and  should  recommend  changes  in  the  State  laws 
which  may  become  expedient." 

Acting  under  authority  of  law  the  National 
Council  of  Defense  asked  the  Governors  of 
each  of  the  States  to  form  a  State  Council  of 
Defense  to  accomplish  the  services  mentioned. 
In  compliance  with  this  request  the  Governor 
of  North  Carolina  appointed  a  State  Coun- 
cil, of  which  the  Governor  and  the  Adjutant- 
General  are  ex  officio  members.  The  other  mem- 
4 


Council  of  Defense 


bers  are  as  follows:  Mr.  W.  S.  Lee,  of  Char- 
lotte; Mr.  C.  C.  Taylor,  of  Greensboro;  Dr. 
Joseph  Hyde  Pratt,  of  Chapel  Hill;  Dr.  James 
Sprunt,  of  Wilmington;  Col.  J.  Bryan  Grimes, 
of  Raleigh ;  Mr.  George  W.  Watts,  of  Durham ; 
Mr.  R.  N.  Page,  of  Biscoe;  Mr.  F.  L.  Seely,  of 
Asheville ;  Dr.  George  Howe,  of  Chapel  Hill ; 
Mrs.  J.  B.  Reilley,  of  Charlotte,  and  Dr.  D.  H. 
Hill,  of  Raleigh. 

This  Council  met  and  organized  in  Raleigh  on 
the  31st  of  May.  The  following  officers  were 
selected:  Dr.  D.  H.  Hill,  Chairman;  Mr.  W.  S. 
Wilson,  Secretary,  and  Hon.  B.  R.  Lacy,  Treas- 
urer. After  a  day  of  deliberation,  it  was  de- 
cided that  for  the  systematic  and  active  prose- 
cution of  its  duties,  the  work  of  the  Council 
should  for  the  present  be  grouped  into  the  fol- 
lowing divisions,  with  a  chairman  and  six  other 
members  constituting  each  group. 

First,  Finance. — The  Central  Committee  on 
Finance  is  composed  of  Mr.  W.  S.  Lee,  Mr. 
George  W.  Watts,  and  Mr.  R.  N.  Page.  In  some 
of  the  States,  the  Legislatures,  being  in  ses- 
sion, made  ample  appropriations  for  the  use  of 
the  State  Council.  For  the  present  this  Com- 
mittee will  undertake  to  secure  from  generous 
citizens  such  sums  as  will  be  required.  Hon. 
B.  R.  Lacy,  State  Treasurer,  will  receipt  for 
any  contributions  that  may  be  sent  to  the 
Council. 

5 


The  North  Carolina 


Second,  Publie  Information. — This  Committee 
will  co-operate  with  the  National  Council  in 
distributing  information  to  the  people,  in  help- 
ing to  advertise  and  sell  such  securities  as  our 
Government  may  issue,  in  helping  the  other 
committees  to  present  their  work,  and  as  a 
bureau  of  information  for  parents  and  friends 
of  men  in  the  service. 

Third,  Legal. — This  Committee  will  guide  the 
Council  in  its  efforts  to  enforce  national  laws  on 
exemptions,  sanitation,  home  protection,  food 
conservation  and  distribution,  in  keeping  down 
speculation,  and  in  general  in  all  relations  of 
citizens  to  State  and  general  government. 

Fourth,  Co-ordination  Work. — In  order  that 
all  the  different  organizations  engaged  in  vari- 
ous services  may  have  a  clearing-house,  this 
Committee  will  endeavor  to  secure  the  utmost 
unity  and  harmony  of  effort  so  as  to  prevent  all 
overlapping  or  repeated  effort.  It  will  endeavor 
to  formulate  plans  for  a  welded  organization. 

Fifth,  Sanitation. — In  the  absence  of  the  large 
numbers  of  physicians  who  will  be  called  into 
service  every  effort  must  be  made  by  compliance 
with  hygienic  living  to  prevent  sickness.  This 
Committee  will  work  in  conjunction  with  city, 
county,  State,  and  National  Boards  of  Health 
in  trying  to  secure  cleanliness,  in  fighting  di- 
seases in  their  incipiency,  and  in  all  forms  of 
preventive  medicine.  It  will  study  the  health 
laws  of  counties  and  towns  and  will  communi- 
6 


Council  of  Defense 


cate  practical  suggestions  and  plans  from  one 
to  the  other.  It  will  try  to  enlist  all  schools, 
social,  fraternal,  and  religious  orders  to  unite 
their  energies  for  a  sustained  campaign  for  the 
preservation  of  health. 

Sixth,  Conservation  of  Resources. — In  the 
long  and  probably  desperate  struggle  that  may 
be  before  our  country,  and  in  ministering  to  the 
wants  of  our  exhausted  allies,  it  behooves  us  to 
save  materials  of  every  kind,  to  prevent  all 
waste,  to  utilize  products  not  formerly  consid- 
ered as  valuable,  to  make  each  acre  of  land  do 
its  full  duty.  The  Committee  charged  with  this 
most  important  task  will  counsel  with  like  com- 
mittees from  other  States,  and  with  experts  in 
special  economic  problems  and  suggest  methods 
of  simpler  living,  of  nutritious  rations,  of  sav- 
ings on  farms  and  in  the  homes  and  in  the 
forests.  Economic  processes  will  be  studied  with 
a  view  to  their  general  adoption  in  all  families. 

Seventh,  Industrial  Survey. — In  case  the  Gov- 
ernment needs  any  additions  to  the  industrial 
survey  made  by  the  Naval  Consulting  Board 
this  Committee  will  be  prepared  to  co-operate 
in  securing  the  information.  It  will  also  aid 
farmers  in  securing  needed  seed  and  act  as  a 
bureau   of   information   for   industrial    articles. 

Eighth,  Historical  Preservation. — The  State 
wants  to  keep  a  complete  record  of  all  its  volun- 
teer and  national  soldiers  and  sailors,  and  also 
of  its  nurses,  physicians,  chaplains,  and  service- 
7 


The  North  Carolina 


Tenderers  of  every  description.  It  wants  to 
preserve  the  names  of  all  North  Carolinians 
serving  with  units  from  other  States,  and  to 
keep  a  record  of  any  heroic  or  distinguished  per- 
formance by  its  sons  and  daughters. 

Ninth,  Labor. — In  the  absence  of  many  labor- 
ers in  the  service  this  committee  will  by  cor- 
respondence and  reports  from  various  sections 
of  the  State  endeavor  to  transfer  laborers  where 
possible  to  meet  exigencies,  to  report  to  farmers 
and  manufacturers  any  available  laborers,  and 
try  to  help  in  cases  of  dissatisfaction  or  impend- 
ing strikes. 

Tenth,  Military. — This  Committee  will  act  in 
concert  with  the  military  authorities  in  minister- 
ing so  far  as  a  State  can  to  the  necessities  of 
North  Carolina  soldiers,  and  in  devising  ways 
and  means  for  hospital  comforts  and  necessi- 
ties. 

Eleventh,  Home  Defense. — The  State  will  soon 
be  swept  bare  of  its  militia.  It  will  be  neces- 
sary to  organize  a  home  guard  for  the  safety  of 
homes  and  property.  This  Committee  will  aid 
in  presenting  the  necessity  of  an  organized 
force  and  in  formulating  plans  for  its  forma- 
tion. 

Twelfth,  Transportation. — This  Committee  will 
unite  its  efforts  with  those  of  the  Government 
in  helping  to  have  ready  for  speedy  transporta- 
tion any  material  needed  from  our  State. 


Council  of  Defense 


Thirteenth,  Research. — The  members  of  this 
Committee  will  hold  themselves  in  readiness  to 
conduct  such  technical  investigations  as  the 
Government  may  desire  made. 

Fourteenth,  Woman's  Work. — The  women  of 
the  State  are  engaged  in  many  forms  of  patri- 
otic service.  The  members  of  this  Committee 
will  be  women,  and  they  will  endeavor  to  unify 
the  manifold  activities  of  the  women. 

Fifteenth,  Soldiers'  Business  Aid  Committee. — 
Many  of  our  soldiers  while  away  from  home 
will  need  some  experienced  man  to  lend  a  hand 
in  the  management  of  their  private  business. 
This  Committee,  through  a  sub-committee  in 
each  county,  will  undertake  free  of  all  charge 
to  aid  soldiers  and  sailors  in  any  legal  or  busi- 
ness matter  entrusted  to  its  members.  It  will, 
if  desired,  watch  that  a  soldier's  insurance 
policies  do  not  lapse ;  that  his  taxes  are  paid ; 
that  any  mortgage  indebtedness  is  attended  to, 
and  that  no  legal  or  business  advantage  is  taken 
of  a  soldier  during  his  absence.  The  Commit- 
tee will  also  seek  ways  to  aid  the  family  of 
any  soldier,  if  such  family,  from  accident  or 
calamity,  should  need  assistance,  to  train  dis- 
abled men  for  remunerative  work,  and  to  aid 
returning  soldiers  in  securing  employment. 


The  North  Carolina 


County  Councils 


To  secure  for  all  the  people  an  organized 
form  of  united  service,  County  Councils  are 
arranged  for  each  county,  and  these,  in  turn, 
will  organize  the  county  into  such  small  units 
as  may  be  needed.  Each  County  Council  con- 
sists of  a  chairman  and  six  other  members.  The 
Councils  appoint  such  committees  and  perfect 
such  plans  as  may  suit  the  needs  of  their  re- 
spective localities.  It  is  desired,  however,  that 
each  county  should  have  an  able,  aggressive 
committee  on  Health  and  Sanitation ;  on  Farm- 
ing ;  on  Food ;  on  Home-Saving ;  on  Families  of 
Soldiers,  and  on  Home  Defense. 

As  our  Nation,  after  a  long  period  of  peace,  is 
just  entering  a  war  of  unexampled  magnitude, 
it  is  of  course  now  impossible  to  forecast  in 
full  what  duties  and  services  may  devolve  on 
each  State.  We  know,  however,  that  if,  as  now 
seems  likely,  the  war  shall  continue,  there  will 
be  a  full  measure  of  calls  for  service,  for  sacri- 
fice, for  ministering  to  distress.  Whether  the 
war  be  long  or  short,  our  State  wants  to  be 
organized  and  ready  at  a  moment's  notice  to 
do  its  part  gladly,  generously  and  nobly. 

We  already  know  that  our  Nation's  sons  are 
being  thrown  into  the  most  merciless  war  ever 
waged,  and  that  our  daughters  are  entering  the 
service  of  their  country  in  manifold  capacities. 
We  already  know  that  their  necessities  will  be 
10 


Council  of  Defense 


great.  We  are  a  strong  and  wealthy  nation. 
We  want  to  furnish  our  soldiers,  sailors,  nurses, 
doctors,  hospitals,  ships,  with  every  protective 
device  and  sanitary  improvement  known  to 
science.  As  these  duty-called  men  and  women 
serve  for  us,  let  us  not  fail  to  supply  them  with 
every  necessity  for  battle  and  every  comfort  for 
camp.  Let  us  surround  them  with  every  safe- 
guard of  body  and  soul.  Let  us  assure  them 
that  their  absence  will  not  entail  physical  suf- 
fering in  their  homes.  We  can  accomplish  these 
things  only  by  continuous  and  organized  effort. 
The  Council  of  Defense  was  devised  by  our 
Government  as  the  best  method  of  unifying  and 
organizing  the  State's  united  activities.  Service 
in  the  organization  is  a  call  to  duty,  and  we  are 
sure  that  no  patriotic  citizen  will  withhold  his 
freest  service. 


11 


The  North  Carolina 


State  Committees 

Finance : 

W.  S.  Lee,  Chairman,  Charlotte. 
Geo.  W.  Watts,  Durham. 
R.  N.  Page,  Biscoe. 

Public  Information  : 

Edward  E.  Britton,  Chairman,  Raleigh. 

Al  Fairbrother,  Greensboro. 

W.  B.  Sullivan,  Charlotte. 

James  H.  Caine,  Asheville. 

H.  R.  Dwire,  Winston-Salem. 

James  H.  Cowan,  Wilmington. 

J.  L.  Home,  Jr.,  Rocky  Mount. 

Legal : 

W.  P.  Bynum,  Chairman,  Greensboro. 

O.  H.  Guion,  New  Bern. 

Jas.  H.  Pou,  Raleigh. 

John  D.  Bellamy,  Wilmington. 

E.  T.  Cansler,  Charlotte. 

W.  B.  Council,  Hickory. 

Julius  C.  Martin,  Asheville. 

Co-ordination  Work  : 

E.  C  Branson,  Chairman,  Chapel  Hill. 
Geo.  A.  Holderness,  Tarboro. 
H.  B.  Varner,  Lexington. 
C.  Van  Leuven,  Wilmington. 
Geo.  W.  Paschal,  Wake  Forest. 
12 


Council  of  Defense 


Health  and  Sanitation  : 

Dr.  W.  S.  Rankin,  Chairman,  Raleigh. 

Dr.  Chas.  O'H.  Laughinghouse,  Greenville. 

Dr.  J.  Howell  Way,  Waynes ville. 

Dr.  Richard  H.  Lewis,  Raleigh. 

Dr.  J.  W.  Long,  Greensboro. 

Dr.  I.  W.  Faison,  Charlotte. 

Dr.  H.  A.  Royster,  Raleigh. 

Conservation  and  Economy  : 

B.  W.  Kilgore,  Chairman,  Raleigh. 

C.  B.  Williams,  Raleigh. 
Dan  T.  Gray,  West  Raleigh. 
W.  N.  Hutt,  West  Raleigh. 
J.  S.  Holmes,  Chapel  Hill. 
Mrs.  J.  S.  McKimmon,  Raleigh. 
S.  G.  Rubinow,  West  Raleigh. 

Industrial  Survey  : 

J.  L.  Ludlow,  Chairman,  Winston- Salem. 

C.  M.  Burkholder,  Charlotte. 

J.  F.  Cannon,  Concord. 

Geo.  H.  Maurice,  Eagle  Springs. 

R.  B.  Robertson,  Canton. 

Leonard  Tufts,  Pinehurst. 

Historical  Preservation  : 

R.  D.  W.  Connor.  Chairman,  Raleigh. 
Haywood  Parker,  Asheville. 
Miss  Adelaide  Fries,  Winston-Salem. 
13 


The  North  Carolina 


Paul  W.  Schenck,  Greensboro. 
George  Gordon  Battle,  New  York. 
Miss  Lida  Rodman,  Washington. 
J.  G.  deR.  Hamilton,  Chapel  Hill. 

Labor  : 

B.  R.  Lacy,  Chairman,  Raleigh. 

Military  : 

Gen.  B.  S.  Royster,  Raleigh. 
Col.  A.  H.  Boyden,  Salisbury. 
Col.  P.  M.  Pearsall,  New  Bern. 
Col.  Alfred  Williams,  Raleigh. 
Col.  Walker  Taylor,  Wilmington. 
Col.  J.  C.  Miehie,  Durham. 

Home  Defense  : 

Jno.  M.  Morehead,  Chairman,  Charlotte. 
R.  J.  Reynolds,  Winston-Salem. 

C.  J.  Harris,  Dillsboro. 
Jno.  F.  Bruton,  Wilson. 

Ed.  Chambers  Smith,  Raleigh. 
A.  J.  Draper,  Charlotte. 
C.  G.  Wright,  Greensboro. 
P.  M.  Pearsall,  New  Bern. 

TRANSPORTATION  : 

Benehan  Cameron,  Chairman,  Stagville. 
Herbert  Smith,  Wilmington. 
W.  B.  Darrow,  Rocky  Mount. 
14 


Council  of  Defense 


It.  S.  McOoin,  Henderson. 
J.  R.  McQueen,  Pinehurst. 
C.  M.  Vanstory,  Greensboro. 
A.  L.  Smith,  Charlotte. 
U.  Buckner,  Asheville. 

Research  : 

Dr,  Wm.  J.  Martin,  Chairman,  Davidson. 
Dr.  W.  A.  Withers,  West  Raleigh. 
R.  M.  Miller,  Jr.,  Charlotte. 
R.  A.  Dunn.  Charlotte. 

Woman's  Work  : 

Mrs.  Eugene  Reilley,   Chairman,   Charlotte. 

Mrs.  Palmer  Jerman,  First  Vice-Chairman, 
Raleigh. 

Mrs.  W.  N.  Reynolds,  Second  Vice-Chairman, 
Winston-Salem. 

Miss  Mary  Hilliard  Hinton,  Secretary, 
Raleigh. 

Mrs.  Eugene  Sternberger,  Treasurer,  Greens- 
boro. 

Mrs.  T.  W.  Bickett,  Honorary  Chairman, 
Raleigh. 

Mrs.  R.  R.  Cotton,  Honorary  Chairman, 
Bruce. 


15 


■ 


UNIVERSITY  OF  N.C.  AT  CHAPEL  HILL 


Gay  lord 

Bros,     i 

Makers 

Syracuse, 

N.  Y.  j 

PAT,  JAN.  21 

1908 

00018466795 


This  book  may  be  kept  out  one  month  unless  a  recall 
notice  is  sent  to  you.  It  must  be  brought  to  the  North 
Carolina  Collection  (in  Wilson  Library)  for  renewal. 


Form  No.  A-369 


